Time And Technology Essay -- essays research papers fc

RESEARCH QUESTIONHow did telecommunications advance from the end of the 1800s to the end of the 1900s ?THESIS Telecommunications have revolutionized furrow and communication between people.Since the beginning of time communication has everlastingly been a crucial part in our societies for development. Without communication there was no or small development, people did not know what was out there, and what was available. It is communication that has developed our large and very intricate societies with different institutions communicating for the welfare of our people. People have always strived for contact with other people. Man wants to know his surroundings and with the arrival of telecommunications this became possible very quickly all over the populace. Telecommunications is one of the reason we live in such a fast-pace and high-tech society today.The first invention in the telecommunications field is the telecommunicate. It was invented by Samuel Morse and utilizes an elec trical current to send signals in the shaped of dot and lines called the Morse Code. It was first used in 1844 and it was mainly reserved for companies which needed information quickly such as banks, this helped them jump and more efficient. With the telegraph one could pass a message across any distance almost effortlessly and it was cheap, so the need for this kind of communication was already there. This radical medium also meant that even people which were not rich could send a message very far without having to pay incredible amount of money. The complete world began to expand their telegraph networks and soon Europe and the United States had connecting transatlantic marine lines under the Atlantic. Information has always meant power and wealth and it is no call into question that telegram traffic became an important economical as well as political tool. In earlier times it would takes days if not weeks for news to while away certain countries or other parts of our world and in some cases this proved to be disastrous for business and economy, but now the whole world could pinpoint every event that happened around the world in a matter of hours if not minutes. Business deal could be closed quicker and markets could grow with international influence. Then in about 30 years or so in the mid 1870s the telephone was inven... ... the world is becoming a smaller place. The question is what is next?Never before have people communicated and done business as much as now, and as frequently as now. After researching about the telecommunications it is fair to say that telecommunications did have a huge impact on the way our society communicates, and in the way we conduct our lives. It was tight to find any contradicting evidence to my thesis statement and most of the information I found concluded that business and communications have been revolutionized by telecommunications. The solvent of wars, business transactions, relationships have changed and depended upon communications, and together with this great change of communications so did these events change.BIBLIOGRAPHY1.Lorenz. D. How the world became smaller. History Today.2.Telegraph Microsoft Encarta 95. Funk & Wagnalls peck (1994).3.Telecommunications Microsoft Encarta 95. Funk & Wagnalls Corporation (1994).4.Telephone Microsoft Encarta 95. Funk & Wagnalls Corporation (1994).

Apocalypse Now, Apocalypse Forever Essay -- Movie Film comparison comp

Apocalypse straightway, Apocalypse ForeverFrancis Ford Coppolas magnum opus Apocalypse Now was ladened with problems and difficulties before and after filming. These problems ranged from those having to do with the cast and crew, to those having to do with the circumstances surrounding the filming, to those having to do with the script, to those dealing in direct regard to the very sanity of all of those involved with Apocalypse Now. Despite the myriad of problems that contributed to this acclaimed films failure, Apocalypse Now still became a success in its own right, and a true genuine by any directors standards. Joseph Conrads 1902 novel nucleus Of Darkness is the striking story of Captain Marlow, an English ship captain who is sent into Africa to track down and foregather the debts of an ivory trader identified as Mister Kurtz, a man who may or may not have gone insane along his eventful journey (Conrad). In this novel Marlow is faced with treachery from the Company, hostil e as well as friendly natives, and the impending meeting with Kurtz himself. Marlow becomes obsessed with meeting Kurtz and communicating with him after reading the personal history of the man, and hearing all the remarkable stories about Kurtz told by Englishmen and Africans alike (Conrad). This fascinating story is the one that inspired original screenwriter John Milius to write the first drafts of Apocalypse Now in 1969 (Behr). Orson Welles originally planned to write, direct, and star in his own version of Heart Of Darkness back in 1939 (Behr). The problem arose when the Mercury movie company pulled out of the project citing Welles inability to keep the film to be within their harsh budget (Virtanen). Welles decided to give up on the project and decid... ... all signs pointed to Apocalypse Nows sure failure, that failure never came. Francis Ford Coppola not whole did not receive the F he assured himself that he would, he created a film that is uniquely his, and that remains loyal to its many parents, but too reflects Coppolas inner self unlike any other artists mirror. Works Cited Behr, Fax (Writer, Director), & Hickenlooper, George (Writer, Director). 1992. Hearts of Darkness A Filmmakers Apocalypse Film. Showtime/ Paramount. Conrad, Joseph. Heart of Darkness & The arcanum Sharer. 1986. Buccaneer Books, inc. Cutchogue, NY. Coppola, Francis Ford (Director, Co-author). 1979. Apocalypse Now Film. American Zoetrope/ United Artists. Virtanen, Panu S. (1997). Apocalypse Now Tribute Page. Retrieved July 2nd, 1997 from the World Wide Web http//www.geocities.com/Hollywood/9067/apocal.html.

Eddie Carbone in A View From the Bridge by Arthur Miller Essay

Eddie Carbone in A View From the Bridge by Arthur Miller The play A view from the bridge is set in Red arise area of New York, the play was written by a man called Arthur Miller he wrote this particular play in 1950 at the age of 35. His parents were immigrants in the United States of America, they had lived a wealthy life this all went wrong along with the American economy. Arthur Miller worked as a warehouse man, and in order to merely his fees he went to Michigan University in 1934, to study economics and history. He did a course in playwriting and this became his ambition, he graduated from Michigan University in 1938. Eddie Carbone is the main extension in the play, at the start of the play he is a very popular hardworking man then towards the end of the play he becomes a very angry distressed and jealous, and eventually loses his life by getting stabbed by his own tongue. Eddie is chiefly responsible for his own downfall because he didnt want Catherine (his niece) to get married to her lover, Rodolfo. Rodolfo and Marco (his brother) are staying with the Carbones as illegal immigrants. Eddie becomes angry because he believes that Rodolfo is taking Catherine away from him this leads him to betray his family by reporting them to the immigration bureau. I think that A view from the bridge is a tragedy because of eddies extreme downfall, he dies because of one mistake. Throughout the play Eddie is jealous of Catherine because she is not his little missy anymore she is turning into a woman. Eddie is an Italian longshore man working on the New York docks. When eddies wifes cousins, Marco and Rodolfo seek refuge, as i... ...to prevent. I think Eddie is mainly responsible for his own downfall but Catherine could have played some part in causing it because of her getting in concert with Rodolfo. Eddie never liked Rodolfo from when he first met him he always thought he was weird. Rodolfo also may b e responsible for eddies downfall because he never asked eddies permission to get together with her. Marco is Beatrices cousin and after Marco and Rodolfo have been in jail they get bailed out and Marco goes after Eddie. Eddie is alone at this stage Marco hits Eddie lunges at Marco with a knife that is meant to kill him. Beatrice tells Eddie to stop but Eddie ignores her like he does throughout the whole play. Then as the knife is in eddies hand it is grabbed by Marco turned and pack into eddies body, within two minutes Eddie carbone is dead.

Apples to Oranges? (Suicide Attempters VS Suicide Completers) Essays

The title Apples to Oranges? A direct comparison between suicide attempters and suicide completers immediately grabs readers attentions. Though, the title somewhat represents the article. Since the research is conducted indoors the major Depressive Disorder population, the more suitable title of the article should read Apples to Oranges? A direct comparison between suicide attempters and suicide completers in Major Depressive Disorder population. The authors write the research article in simple and concise manners. However, it would have been helpful to the readers if the research report contains the definition of terms section in an abstract. The authors write with the assumption that the readers are already healthcare professionals. Some terms used such as mood disorders, Axis I disorders, SCID-IV diagnostic, are medical checkup terminology and required some medical knowledge to understand the meanings (DeJong, Overholser, and Stockmeier, 2010, pp.90-91). The operational definition of printing should be introduced earlier in the article. The authors operationally define depression as fitting all the requirements set forth in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorder, Fourth Edition (DeJong et al, 2010, p.92). This definition can be unclear to some readers. Therefore, the authors should also include the conceptual definition and expand on the list of criteria of depression according to Diagnostic and Statistic Manual of Mental Disorder. bother StatementThe authors imply that previous suicidal studies typically focused on comparing suicidal populations with non-suicidal controls (DeJong et al, 2010). However, the authors realize that it is as important to conduct a airfield within the homogen... ...me once in a life time. ReferencesAmerican Foundation for Suicide Prevention. (2011). Facts and Figures. Retrieved from http//www.afsp.org/index.cfm?page_id=04EA1254-BD31-1FA3-C549D77E6CA6AA37DeJong, T., Overholser, J., & Stockme ier, C. (2010). Apples to oranges? a direct comparison between suicide attempters and suicide completers. journal of Affective Disorders, 124(1-2), 90-97. Retrieved from EBSCOhost.ReferencesAmerican Foundation for Suicide Prevention. (2011). Facts and Figures. Retrieved from http//www.afsp.org/index.cfm?page_id=04EA1254-BD31-1FA3-C549D77E6CA6AA37DeJong, T., Overholser, J., & Stockmeier, C. (2010). Apples to oranges? a direct comparison between suicide attempters and suicide completers. Journal of Affective Disorders, 124(1-2), 90-97. Retrieved from EBSCOhost.

Research on Food Allergies Essay -- Allergy Allergic Food Essays

Research on Food Allergies True food allergies are not as common as many masses believe and do in fact only affect ab fall out 2% of kidren. However, they are more common in young children (affecting about 5-8% of younger children). Fortunately, most younger children will outgrow these food allergies by the time that they are three years old. Symptoms of a food allergies can often embroil wheezing and difficulty in breathing, along with itchy skin rashes, including hives, vomiting, diarrhea, nausea, abdominal pain and swelling around the mouth and in the throat (common with nut allergies). These symptoms usually develop fairly quickly after a child ingests the food that they are allergic to, often within minutes and within anything up to an min or so. Nasal symptoms by themselves, such as congestion or a runny nose, are usually not caused by food allergies as such. Symptoms for food allergies can be both mild or very severe, depending up on how muc h of the food the child ingested and how allergic they are to the food. A severe reaction can include anaphylaxis, with difficulty breathing, swelling in the mouth and throat, decreased blood pressure, shock and in the more sever cases, take down death. More common than food allergies are intolerances to certain foods, which can cause vomiting, diarrhoea, spitting up, and skin rashes. An example of such a reaction occurs in children with lactose intolerance, which occurs because of a deficiency of the enzyme lactase, which normally breaks down the sugar lactose in the bosy. Children without this enzyme or who have a decreased amount of the enzyme, develop symptoms after inebriety lactos... ...does not improve with these interventions or if they have had a severe allergic reaction, then they should consider having them see an allergy specialist for testing to figure out what foods they are allergic to and to possibly start allergy inject ions. * Children with severe allergic reactions or anaphylaxis should wear a medical alert bracelet to notify others of their match and should carry an epinephrine auto-injector (such as the Epi Pen JR) to ensure rapid treatment during an allergic reaction. * Most importantly, learn to read food labels and look for ingredients that a child may be allergic to and practice strict avoidance of those foods. If parents dont know what an ingredient is, then call the manufacturer before giving it to the child to be safe.

Research on Food Allergies Essay -- Allergy Allergic Food Essays

Research on Food Allergies True victuals allergies are not as park as many people believe and do in fact only affect about 2% of children. However, they are more common in younger children (affecting about 5-8% of younger children). Fortunately, most younger children will outgrow these food allergies by the time that they are three years old. Symptoms of a food allergies can often include wheezing and difficulty in breathing, along with itchy skin rashes, including hives, vomiting, diarrhea, nausea, abdominal pain and swelling around the give tongue to and in the throat (common with nut allergies). These symptoms usually develop fairly quickly after a child ingests the food that they are allergic to, often at heart minutes and within anything up to an hour or so. Nasal symptoms by themselves, such as congestion or a runny nose, are usually not caused by food allergies as such. Symptoms for food allergies can be both mild or very severe, depending u p on how much of the food the child ingested and how allergic they are to the food. A severe reaction can include anaphylaxis, with difficulty breathing, swelling in the mouth and throat, rock-bottom blood pressure, encroachment and in the more sever cases, even death. More common than food allergies are intolerances to certain foods, which can cause vomiting, diarrhoea, spitting up, and skin rashes. An example of such a reaction occurs in children with lactose intolerance, which occurs because of a deficiency of the enzyme lactase, which normally breaks down the sugar lactose in the bosy. Children without this enzyme or who have a decreased amount of the enzyme, develop symptoms after drinking lactos... ...does not improve with these interventions or if they have had a severe allergic reaction, then they should consider having them see an allergic reaction specialist for testing to figure out what foods they are allergic to and to possibly s tart allergy injections. * Children with severe allergic reactions or anaphylaxis should wear a checkup alert bracelet to notify others of their condition and should carry an epinephrine auto-injector (such as the Epi Pen JR) to ensure rapid treatment during an allergic reaction. * Most importantly, learn to realize food labels and look for ingredients that a child may be allergic to and practice strict avoidance of those foods. If parents dont know what an ingredient is, then call the maker before giving it to the child to be safe.

A Child Labour Problem In India

After independence Child labour is a major problem in India. The major determinate child labour is Poverty. Even though children are paid less then adults, what ever income they earn is of clear to poor families. India has the mountainousst number of children employed than any opposite country in the world. According to the statistics provided by the Govt. f India around 90 zillion out of 179 million children in the six to 14 age groups do not go to school and are engaged in some occupation or other works. This means 50% of children are deprived of their right to a free and happy childhood. Unofficially, this figure exceeds 100 million but the fact that a large number of children are works without wages in field or in cottage alongside their parents, unreported by census, makes it very difficult to figure accurately.However, it is estimated that if there working children constituted a country it would be the 11th largest country in the world. A large number of children work in a cottage industries, matches, firecrackers, bidis, brassware, diamond, aluminum industries, glass, hosiery, hand loomed cloth, embroidery, leather goods, plastic bangles, mica mines, coal mines, hotels, rickshaw puller, local liquor industry, auto shop, vegetable shop Brick in and riotous goods.The highest numbers of children are found in agricultural sector. Poverty has often been cited as the reason for child labour problem in India while it is lawful that the poorest, most disadvantaged sector of Indian Society supply the vast majority of child labourers, child labour actually creates an perpetuates poverty as it displaces adults from their jobs and in any case condemns the child to a life of unskilled badly paid work.

Communication Delay in Children

Communication & Language Delay in Children Children communicate in numerous ways. Language and dialogue attention us to socialise and express our strikes. Babies utilize sounds, facial expressions and hand or arm gestures to express the way they be feeling. As they grow older their delivery skills gradually begin to aim and they allow for aim more(prenominal) complex gestures such(prenominal) as pointing at objects. Language allows the peasant to express themselves and communicate. Alongside speech, nurture, writing, selective service and signing are all historic parts of a Childs lyric organic evolution.It is important to identify any checker in spoken talking to or communication in a Child as soon as possible. Children need to be able to communicate with early(a)s in order to express their unavoidably and develop their social skills. Delayed language or communication coffin nail have a big impact on all other areas of development and condition behavioural pr oblems for the baby born from frustration. A pip-squeak who is unable to express themselves clearly whitethorn display disruptive or aggressive behaviour as they become frustrated that they are not being understood.They skill be disciplined for their behaviour if their carer does not realise why they are acting up and brands them as a difficult claw. This will causal agency the tiddler to loose confidence and develop low self esteem. They may as well as become clingy to their kindle or carer, be prone to tearful come in(a)bursts and have difficulty socialising with peers. A child with hearing difficulties may appear to be in their stimulate little world and not respond when their name is called. They may also struggle to follow simple instructions or have trouble pronouncing speech.Children who back end not find out or hear what is being give tongue to to them will miss out on vital cultivation opportunities. The Childs overall heartybeing will suffer as they will fe el isolated and upset. The child may withdraw from groups and not want to participate consequently missing out on learning important social skills. Delayed language and communication rat also be a sign that there is something more seriously harm with the child that may beg handling or specialist cooperate such as a hearing impairment or learning difficulties.If the even serve up or treatment is not supplied for the child in a timely fashion it will have a knock on power that will delay their emotional, social and even physical development. It is therefore vitally important that child care practitioners are aware of the signs of communication and language delay in children and are equipped with the right tools and information to be able to help the children and their families. The practitioner needs to be calm, flexible and patient.A child with language difficulties will need extra subscribe that should be tailored to their individual needs and down of positive encouragemen t and reinforcement to help build their confidence. The child may be able to take you to objects that they want or express their need by looking or pointing at objects. nigh children may need help when playing alongside others. The Practitioner may need to stay close so that they offer help them when they have trouble expressing themselves as well as teaching the children around them to be patient and help them to understand the child.A Childs language could be delayed for many reasons some of these reasons are expatiate below * Hearing impairments This is a common reason for a delay in language development. There are many different types of impairments ranging from non-permanent conditions such as glue ear to permanent partial of full hearing loss. A child with hearing loss will often withdraw in to themselves and not want to interact with the outside world as they struggle to understand it. The cause of the loss needs to be established quickly so the child can receive the rig ht treatment so their development does not suffer.Non-permanent conditions may be easily treated by a GP, whereas permanent conditions may involve specialist help and hearing aids. The sooner treatment is supplied for a child the sooner they can progress their language and communication skills. The practitioner can software documentation them inside the lay by working alongside the parents to understand the condition. The practitioner c should provide one to one support and they may use sign language and encourage the other children to use it too. Physical conditions such as an enlarged tongue or a cleft pallet A child suffering from this kind of physical impairment will usually have a very good dread of what is being said to them and leaving on around them. The problem comes when they try to express themselves through speech. They may be unable to speak clearly and may mispronounce lecture. This will cause them to become frustrated and may result in aggressive behaviour. It might also cause them to feel different and be embarrassed in front end of their peers.Therefore they may withdraw from groups and not wish to participate in discussions. Some of these conditions can be treated by Doctors but others will require speech therapy and on-going support. The practitioner will need to work alongside the therapist and the parents in order to provide the best possible support for the child within the setting. * Stutters or stammers A child suffering with a stutter or a stammer will usually have a good understanding of what is being said to them and going on around them.They struggle to express themselves clearly and find it difficult to get the words they want to say out correctly. They may hesitiate or say um a lot or repeat the same word over as they try to get out a sentence. This is often because their mind is working so quickly their mouth struggles to keep up This is considered a normal stage in development for a child between the age of Most childr en grow out of this in time but for some it may develop in to a habit and a half to five years..If a child is suffering with a stutter or stammer displays disruptive behaviour due to frustration and feels embarrassed in front of peers so they shy away from group activities or the non-fluency continues for more than 6 months they may require liftral to a speech therapist. Practitioners can help the child within the setting by helping to relax the child in order to calm their speech by showing they are listening, making tenderness contact, n suspecting their head and smiling at the child. The practitioner should never finish the Childs sentences be patient and allow them plenty of time to speak. Lack of stimulation and language input Some children to not recieve the level of interaction required with other people to allow there language and communication skills to develop. The child may be left on their own, for long periods and not taken out of the house. Their carer may not talk o r interact with them unless it is necessary. In these circumstances the child misses out on all the important experiences and interactions that are required in order to enable their lanhuage and communication skills to develop. There are often underlying problems or concerns with children who are delayed due to this issue.There could be a problem with neglect at home or their carer may be depressed and need help. It is important that these issues are also addressed alongside the support required to assist there language development. Often these children simply require time, care and attention in order to help them progress. The practitioner can help by spending time with the child talking and interacting. They must provide plenty of positive reinforcement and encourage them to interact with others and try new experiences to develop their language skills.Picture cards and books can also be used to help them express what their needs and increase their vocabulary. * Shyness Some child ren are simply very shy and do not like talking to people they are not well-known(prenominal) with or clam up in situations or places they are not used to. They have a very good understanding of what is being said to them and going on around them but find it difficult to speak due to shyness and anxiety. The parents may tell you that the child is a chatter boxwood at home where they feel comfortable but the child may not say anything when they are at pre-school.The child will need plenty of encouragement and positive reinforcement from the practitioner in order to help them settle and feel at ease within the setting. The practitioner can support the child by playing alongside them, encouraging them to interact with other children and encouraging other children to interact with them. * The child is learning more than one language Children who are learning more than one language may be slightly slower in learning to talk and communicate. This is because the child has to learn more t han one language system.There are many circumstances in to long time society where this is now the case. Children come from many different backgrounds. The child parents may speak one language at home such as Chinese which will be the childs home language but then they will be exposed to English when they are at preschool or the childs parents may use 2 languages at home. The childs mother might be cut and speak French to the child whereas the Father may be English and only communicate with the mother and child in Engllish.Children learn through association and absorption therefore it is important that when within the preschool setting the practitioners only use one language to communicate with the child. This enables the child to associate that language with the setting and put what they are learning in to context. It is very important that the setting works with the childs parents to support their learning and reckon that the child has a positive view of both of the languages th ey are learning. The parents might like to be involved in some of the activities in the setting so that they can see what the child is learning and help to support their development. eruditeness difficulties such as Autism There are many different learning difficulties that can occur in children and all will need specialist treatment that is specific to each individual child. Therefore it is important that they are identified early so that the child can receive the help and support they require in order to progress. archaeozoic signs of a learning disorder in children are problems pronouncing words, struggling to find the right word, difficulty rhyming, trouble learning the alphabet, numbers, colours, shapes and days of the week and find it difficult to follow directions or learn routines.Children with autism may have trouble making eye contact, appear disinterested in other people and what is going on around them, find it difficult connecting with people and have problems playin g with other children. They may use an abnormal tone of voice, with an odd rhythm or pitch, they may repeat the same words over and over, respond to a question by repeating it instead of answering it and refer to themselves in the third person. erst a delay in a child communication and language skills has been identified it is important they receive the help and support required as soon as possible.Each setting should have access to a SENCO (special educational needs co-ordinator) and a EYAT (early years advisory teacher). They should be the first people to be that is contacted once a delay has been identified. They can them come in and carry out observations and assessments of the child in order to help establish the cause of the delay. They can then liase with the Childs parents and the practitioner to discuss what the undermentioned steps are and how best to support the child with their development. A referral should be considered if the child is delayed in any of the following areas * Understanding language that is spoken to them Developing the ramble on of speech sounds appropriate for their age * Developing the use of words and sentences appropriate for their age A referral should also be considered for those children that who are not following the normal patterns of development such as * Children who use language unsuitably , for example phrases used in the wrong context or that dont wangle sense. * Repeating learned chunks of language that have no message * Children who find it difficult to follow rules or join in with a conversation by looking, taking turns and sharing interest in a subject.Some children may need to be referred to a speech and language therapist. A speech therapist can help support children with a wide range of communication and language difficulties. Any referrals must be done with the full support and co-operation of parents. The SENCO will also be able to get help from the Early Years support team within Leicestershire. They a re there to assist settings with the early identification of children with additional needs and provide support for the child and their families. Once again any referrals must be done with the full support and co-operation of the the parents.Practitioners should ensure that they include communication and language development within their planning for the setting. The setting should promote good communication and language skills and display their approach to parents so they can help support it within the home environment. There are many ways to promote good communication and language within the setting. All areas within the setting should be clearly labelled with words and pictures to help the children to understand what they are used for. Boxes within the setting should be labelled with pictures to help the child understand what is in them.Eg. A icon of lego on the box that contains the lego. Pictures and photo cards can also be used to help the children express their needs or to s how you what they would like to do. Practitioners should be good role models for the children and ensure that they display good language and communication skills. They should ensure that they listen to the children patiently allowing them time to talk, make good eye contact and sensitively correct children when they use the wrong form of word. Eg I readed my book response from practitioner Oh, you are reading your book.Practitioners should ensure they use simple instructions with short sentences that the children can understand. Open questions encourage the children to think and with encouragement help them to extend their vocabulary and improve their sentence structure. There are many play opportunites that the practitioner can use to encourage good language and communication. One of the most effective ways of doing this is to talk allowed as you are playing with the children and provide a explanation on what you are doing. For example if you are playing with the lego you could sa y We are building our tower up, it is getting higher and higher.Oh look the green block is on top. Ben has a square brick , it is red As you are talking the child will learn from absorption pick up on the words and make the associations with the objects. Books can play a key part in developing in speech and communication skills. Picture books can be used to help the child learn colours, animals, and objects. Storybooks can be used to encourage language development and sentence structure. The practitioner can ask the child open questions such as What is happening in the picture? or What do you think happened next? .You could even get the child to tell you the story themselves. After reading the story with the child you could then ask them to read the story to you. Although they might not be able to read the words you can see how often they recall from the pictures and how well they listened to you. Roleplay is a brilliant way to encourage imaginative play and increase vocabulary. F or instance you could role play a travel to the shops. There could be lots of new language words that you can introduce such as till, basket, shopping trolley, carrots, apples, broccoli, oranges, money, purse, bags etc.Role play is also a good way to get children to interact and communicate with each other in a fun and interesting way. Songs and rhyming are coarse way for getting children to listen they are also often help children to remember things. Songs and rhymes use intonation, stress and rhythm which all help with aspects of speech development as they are all skills we use when talking. Some songs also involve actions so they are a great way to help children link words with actions or even body parts Eg The song Head shoulders knees and toes.It is important to remember that all children are individuals and therefor what works for one child may not work for another. That is why practitioners must ensure that there is a wide vareity of play opportuinites available within the setting to ensure they can allow for each childs needs. They should ensure that regular language and communication observations and assessments are carried out on all the children within to enable them to keep track of their development, plan their next steps and identify and signs of a delay as early as possible.

‘Originally’ By Carol Ann Duffy Essay

Our Life is one long Journey, with good as roughly as bad times in it. From squirthood to old age, we strive forever to experience and learn, often irresponsible as well as contradict turns in life often bringing upon one a lot of change. In the poem originally by Carol Ann Duffy, one reads ab come on a seemingly sudden change in a Childs life, where one is confronted with leaving their home, their country, to live somewhere else un have sexn. In Originally, which is divided into three parts, one follows the experiences of a speaker, who seems to have been forced to leave his or hers home, change and crisis being endured, and how the speaker in the end effect, slowly, adapts. The Poem though seemingly talks about this child leaving its home and changing, the Poem also shows how People all there lives change, starting by growing up to become a teenager, then to an prominent and in the end to an aged person.The Poem starts of with a type of introduction it begins the Poem by sett ing up a mood, by explaining how she preemptd with her family. The speakers fare for her homeland is exemplified by using domineering linguistic communication such as testify, which makes it seem as something unique, and also by telling the lector that her brothers were bawling the word home. A combination of alliteration and construery in the first line red room and fell through the fields also helps accent this. All of these rather unsympathetic words encourage a development of a depression throughout the Poem. The personification of the miles (which ran) patronize to the city seems to indicate how, plot being on this train, makes the child feel worse and worse knowing its becoming more distant from its homeland, and this reflecting that the land is passing so quickly it seems to be running away past.The whole stanza mainly concentrates on the child and its family, except for the last line, this sudden change also brings up strong emotions because from one image of leavin g the place you have always known to be your home, one suddenly notices how scared this child must me when the speaker says that it stared/at the eyes of a blind toy, holding its paw it shows how terrified it feels and how it only has her old trustworthy bear with her to help her. The Bear being blind seems symbolic, suggesting that the speaker does not know what will become of its family in their unfermented home, and much like an old toy is often blind because it has lost its eyes everywhere the years.In the atomic number 16 stanza one learns about the problem the person had to go through once it had arrived in its new homeland. The first line all childhood is an emigration befittingly captures the themes of the entire poem it shows how especially in ones childhood one changes all the time, teenager, Puberty, becoming an adult these are huge changes and can also be compared with types of emigrations. passim this stanza one learns about what difficulty the child had learning t o adapt to the new culture, the accent sounds unfamiliar, kids do things she has not seen any of her friends do in her old homeland, and it shows how muckle all there lives are confronted with unknown customs and traditions, and one must nearly always learn to live with them, often to such an extent that you gullt know anything else anymore.The speaker talks about a lot of unusual and seemingly repulsive things like boys eating worms or shouting words one doesnt understand, in the lines before she also talks about Pebble-dashed estates, meaning very boring and dull housings. All this also seems to point out that the child seemed to have once lived in a better place, maybe the child parents use to have more money and something happened making them loose everything, and forcing them to move to a cheaper living area.This also gets reflected when the speaker talks about its parents anxiety stirred like a tooth in my head which is a very rough-and-ready way of explaining the worries a nd problems the child was confronted with. In the last line the font is though changed to italics representing the speaker talking and for the last time saying I want our own country, the speaker saying own for the last time also shows how the child still doesnt feel at home and by deficient its own country, meaning its original homeland where it lived in before everything else changed.In the last stanza the Crisis has ended the person has gotten use to its new surroundings and is already stamp at home in this once new place. The mood is still relatively unenthusiastic but the person does start seeing a positive side in things. The speaker incorporates the persons family for a last time, when she says seeing your brother swallow a slug, feel only/a skelf of shame. this line links back to the previous stanza with theimagery of worms and slugs, which is not literal, but a metaphor for fitting in.The simile my tongue shedding its skin like a snake tells the reader of the speakers not only of the speakers changed accent but also perhaps refers to many of the speakers old memories and habits which she has had to get rid of as they seem useless in her new home, and the person now in class sounding just like the rest also emphasizes it having completely adapted to its (now not so) new surroundings. In the final exam lines of the poem though the person looks back one last time when being asked, where do you come from? by a stranger, remembering its troubles having to adapt and wo of having leave its once homeland, but now when being asked Originally? the child hesitates because it doesnt not anymore if this is now his homeland or if Originally agent the one he once came from.The poem shows, in this case, how a child had to suddenly move from its homeland to a new place, strange and bizarre, in its lot so different and at first seemingly impossible to be able to adapt, but in the end the child does manage to get over all its troubles, and to adapt to a completely new culture, where people do things it thought know one does.The Poem seems to use this childs bosh as an example, of how much change people have to go through, and that even though it always seems impossible to be able to learn and adapt, one nearly always manages, and even though one does remember how it had once been, lives with it, and enjoys its new way of living.

Explain why Roosevelt introduced the New Deal in America

America was in a severe economic Depression when Franklin D. Roosevelt made his New Deal quarrel in June 1932. The Wall Street Crash of 1929 made the Depression in America much worse. Roosevelt had to do something to bring confidence back to the country. There was discouragement all around the country, 23,000 people committed suicide, the largest yearly figure of American history. Employment was a very big problem during the Depression. Over twelve one thousand million Americans were unemployed this was a quarter of the countries releaseforce and the number of people step forward of work was going up by 12,000 every day. 0,000 companies whose shares were now worthless went out of business, putting even more people out of work.There was no government system of unemployment pay in America, so most people had to depose on charity to stay alive. The unemployed lined up in queues that could be seen in every city, these queues were called Breadlines and the people were waiting for fre e bread and soup just to say alive. This was very humiliating for men because they were used to providing for their family. Because people didnt have jobs, esteem was low and this is one of the modestnesss why Roosevelt introduced the New Deal.Another reason why Roosevelt introduced the New Deal was for the people in agriculture. People in agricultural areas were hardest hit by the Depression, because the 1920s had not been kind to them in any way. gigantic numbers of farmers were unable to pay their mortgages. By 1932, one in twenty of all farm-owners had been evicted because they were unable to pay their mortgage. Because people were out of work the people in the cities could not all the food the farmers produced therefore their incomes dropped. Most farmers however had no choice but to pack their belongings into their trucks and live on the road.They picked up work where they could. Things couldnt get have got any worse for farmers, over farming and drought in the central south ern states turned millions of acres into a dust bowl, this hard ruined farmers and drove them off their land. Homelessness was very high during the Depression and something had to be done. Over a million of the unemployed were homeless. Without wages many people could not afford to pay rent or mortgages. 250,000 Americans stopped paying their mortgages in 1932 alone. When this happened they were evicted from their homes.This meant many had to take to the roads and they often became hobos or tramps. The others moved onto the waste realm in the cities where they built huts with old wood, scrap metal and sacking, which they found in rubbish dumps, they often called these places Hoovervilles after Herbert Hoover, the President of that time in the Depression. People were existent horribly and there was no hope left, Roosevelt wanted to sort this problem out through the New Deal. In the Depression, many people with savings in the bank stayed alive by taking out their savings.This led t o a new problem because some small banks did not have enough spry cash to pay savers their money, so the banks went bankrupt. When a bank failed this scared people so they rushed to their banks taking money out, thinking it was safer to keep it all at home. This sent people panic-stricken and savers demanded their money at once, but the banks too found they didnt have enough ready cash, so they also had to close down. In 1932, 1616 banks had closed down for this reason, and the number of bank failure was increasing every month.Economic and social problems affected the whole country during the Depression as seen from the historical evidence. Prosperity would not return by it self and when the presidential election of 1932 the Americans were looking for hope and they hope to find this in Roosevelts New Deal. He believed that the sole(prenominal) thing we have to fear is fear itself. This put hope into peoples hearts. Roosevelts over riding aim was to create confidence and help the forgotten man, this is why he introduced the New Deal.

Did Microsoft Violate Antitrust Policy?

The US complaint has been filed by a tan, a small Burlingame, California-based hardw be vendor that says it is a Microsoft certified partner, barely has still been caused significant harm by Microsofts exclusionary and regulatory practices1The Northern California Company sunburn, who is as well as a Microsoft Certified Partner, has claimed that Microsoft has caused them significant harm through exclusionary and restrictive practices.2In its complaint, Tangent describes patterns of anticompetitive practices by Microsoft. The activities listed by Tangent incorporate the procedure of no-option bundling of Outlook (electronic mail software) with Office (a suite of word processing, financial, media and various business software) and diligent Directory (Lightweight Directory Access Protocol which provide central authentication and authorization services for Windows based ready reckoners) with Windows Server (host integration).The forced process under the bundling system also includes the Windows Media Player (a software application player and library for digital media) and Windows Media Server (advanced live video and audio streaming functionality) along with the desktop personal computer and the server in operation(p) system, e.g. XP, Vista, etc.Tangent attorneys stated in the law suit, Microsofts exclusionary and restrictive practices stimulate caused significant harm to (Tangent) by increasing, maintaining or stabilizing the price it paid for Microsofts operating system software above competitive levels, 3In a filing with the US District Court for the Northern District of California, Tangents resident grunge and the right of the plaintiff to file locally, is in the clear supportive position to show cause of how Microsoft has historically continued to engage in anticompetitive conduct and practices. thereby causing irrepar able financial and market damages by directly manipulating by different means in a number of forms the price Tangent has paid for Micro softs operating system software. Clearly upon comparison and review the prices are openly above competitive degrees.Tangent has been able to list in the detail the historical relation of the personal computer and the Microsoft factor. They contend that Microsoft, in the letter of the law as well as the spirit, has still failed to operate within number of cultivation guidelines and continues to violate Section 2 of the Sherman Act, 15 U.S.C., 2.Tangent has taken on the interesting position of requesting a jury to hear the case instead of a judge. Clearly, the drift is to appeal to peers or citizens who exit hear testimony as to the unfair practices of Microsoft. There is the grave risk on the part of the Tangent argument that the issues are very complicated and so technically that only engineers or legally trained experts can decided on the case. It can be equally promised that Microsoft lawyers will attempt to convolute the issue to a level of complicate techno speak in order to confuse the jury and possible deadlock or mistrial. either way, the path for appeal is being paved.Without the normal constraint of frank competition in the marketplace and also because of exclusionary practices invoked by Microsoft as a standard practice, Microsoft has been able to perform in a way that the increases the playing field edge in its favor. Additionally, this method employed by Microsoft works to preserve or unnaturally maintain prices at anti-competitive conditions that cause harm to vendors and business partners. 4In essence, Tangent has charged that Microsoft has artificially inflated prices for the cost of the operating system software for certified partners who have no other choice in the matter thus injuring Tangent.One of the strongest positions taken by Tangent against Microsoft is that the Microsoft server OS (operation system) includes specific, unique, undocumented programs and screens (interfaces) accessed and employed by its servers to make it seamlessly and tacitly with one another. Primarily, the use of several servers (server farm) is within a multiple network server community.Tangent alleged further that Microsoft entered into restrictive agreements with OEMs (Original Equipment Manufacturer) and system builders, restricting or eliminating their ability to feature non-Microsoft products. 5Cleary, the most important aspect of the Tangents argument, which in this case can be asserted by any plaintiff, is for Microsoft to cease market products under the guise that the uniformity of its software is standardize and practical. This is not the case nor has it been in quite a while. The position by Microsoft does not lead rise to a supportive community of certified partners. Candidly, it causes a minor panic.Microsofts secretive and clandestine modus operand lends it self to a sense of obvious guilt. The resistivity to the release of the source code for any of its of its operating systems underlies its non-competitive practices.Dem onstrating no lack of indignation, Microsoft has chosen not to respond to any comments on this complaint or that fact any other. Their practice has been to only to acknowledge that the case is being reviewed.Tangent is based in the San Francisco Bay Area city of Burlingame and builds custom configured-to-order desktops, notebooks, thin clients and servers chiefly for educational institutions, government agencies, business markets and proprietary enterprises. The company is using the Microsoft Operating Systems. 1 -Microsoft faces fresh US and EU antitrust complaints 23rd February 2006 2 http//wowtechminute.com/93/antitrust-lawsuit-antithesis/ Antitrust face Antithesis Posted by Brent Norris Technology News March 2006 3 http//news.com.com/Computer+maker+files+antitrust+suit+against+Microsoft/2100-1014_3-6041788.html By Ina Fried Staff Writer, CNET News.com Published February 21, 2006, 4 http//www.theinquirer.net/default.aspx? article=29797 Off at a tangent By INQUIRER staff Monday 20 February 2006, 1010 5 http//www.channelinsider.com/article/Tangent+Suit+Claims+Microsoft+Soaked+Partners/171923_1.aspx Tangent Suit Claims Microsoft Soaked Partners DATE 21-FEB-2006 By John Hazard

Communication in Nursing Essay

Since the dawn of time man has been evolving in the ways we think and interact with each other. What was appropriate a generation ago capacity not be appropriate today. As nurses we k direct very intimate details of our patients lives, those details can blur the line between a complaisant relationship and a professional relationship. Even though you feel you know the patient like you know your best friend you still have to march them with the utmost respect, and dignity.Social talk is something we do on a daily basis whether it is with a patient or acquaintance, we refer to it as small talk. In contrast Therapeutic talk skills ar very specific and goal oriented, they arent skills one is born with, these skills take time to perfect and build on. What is converse? The Townsend text defines it as an interactive process of transmitting information between two or more entities.In any communion there are preexisting conditions that affect the intended message and the way it is rec eived, some examples include values, attitudes, beliefs, cordial status and environment in which the communication takes places (Townsend, 2010). A large discussion section of communication is nonverbal communication, how you present yourself and your body language goes a long way in submitting your point across. 70-90 percent of all effective communication is nonverbal (Townsend, 2010). A nurse-patient relationship can have multiple types of communication including non-therapeutic, social, and therapeutic.If a nurse errs and uses non-therapeutic communication such as rejecting, giving reassurance, or probing, ostracize outcomes occur. Non-therapeutic techniques discourage further expression of feelings and ideas and provoke negative responses or behaviors in others (Potter, Perry, Stockert & Hall, 2009) On the other hand therapeutic communication techniques such as use silence, accepting and offering self, encourage feelings and ideas and convey espousal and respect (Potter, Perry, Stockert & Hall, 2009).Social communication can be used as small talk on a limited basis. To understand social communication and therapeutic communication we must first define both. social communication can be defined as everyday communication that occurs as the nurse greets the patient and passes the time of day with what is referred to as small talk (Shives, 2008) saying things like how is your day? or how are you pets? are basic statements that arent goal specific.Social communication can elicit a negative response from the patient, if that occurs the nurse would shift gears and step to the fore a conversation using therapeutic communication techniques. An example would be Nurse Hey how are you doing? The weather outside is beautiful today Patient I dont care about the weather, I hate it here, I dont belong here, and I want to go home now To remedy this, the next sentence the nurse could use isNurse Oh, I see, what would u like to talk about today? That statement gi ves the patient a broad opening which allows the patient to take initiative in introducing the topic and it emphasizes the importance of the clients role in the interaction (Townsend, 2010) Therapeutic communication on the other hand is defined as a process in which the nurse consciously influences a patient or sponsors the patient to a better understanding through verbal or nonverbal communication.Therapeutic communication involves the use of specific strategies that encourage the patient to express feelings and ideas and that convey acceptance and respect (Mosby 2009). In the text Basic concepts of psychiatric-mental health nursing the author uses a very helpful table to compare and contrast therapeutic and social communication, some examples given are * In social communication a personal or intimate relationship occurs and the identification of needs may not occur. Whereas in therapeutic communication a personal but not intimate relationship occurs.Needs are identified by the pa tient with the help of the nurse if necessary. * Personal goals may or may not be discussed and constructive or destructive dependencies may occur, in contrast to therapeutic communication where personal goals are set by the patient and constructive dependency, interdependency, and independence are promoted. * In social communication a variety of resources may be used during socialization, but in therapeutic communication specialized professional skills are used while employing nursing interventions.In conclusion we see that communication in nursing is being developed as an entirely separate skill, as profession nurses we have the responsibility to ourselves and our patients to understand what is being said and to get the point across in a precise and efficient manner. By comparing and contrasting the two communication styles we see they are vastly different. When using social communication the nurse wouldnt be unprofessional, but it is up to the nurse to determine the correct time, place, and situation for which each style is appropriate.

The History of Healthcare Informatics

The History Behind breast feeding Informatics Jackie Bailey Colorado Christian University Prof. L. Rieg CIS312A Final Paper folk 26, 2012 The History Behind treat Informatics Nursing information processing (NI) has get a vital part of healthc be confery and has become a define factor in the selection, execution, and assessment of technology that supports safe, exceptional quality and patient of-centered c atomic number 18. Nursing has become so uniform. The data in patient records has become a worthy resource and has improved assessments and overall patient c are.Before the launch of treat information science throughout the second half of the 20th century there were non whatever echt standards for language. The use of data restricted the function and effectiveness of whatsoever early informatics applications. Nurses began developing standardized language governances during the turn of the century. outside(a) quislingisms involving diametrical medical disciplines re turn led to the improvement of standards and have opened the door for strong and reliable information tools. Nurses have the ability to change and improve health care.They have the potential to change outcomes with the use of informatics. The use of this technology does require change a change in the person, the institute, and the systems. Nurses are developing and applying informatics to find bare-assed noesis and are improving the quality of care given on a global level (Edwards, H. 2011). Nurses have identified three important factors in breast feeding informatics basic computer skills, informatics knowledge and information literacy (Thede, L. 2012). In the beginning there was Florence Nightingale.no(prenominal) only did Nurse Nightingale pioneer the breast feeding profession she as well started the basic informatics in nurse. She stated In an attempt to arrive at the truth, I have applied everywhere for information, entirely scarcely an instance have I been able to find in firmary records fit for any purpose of comparison. If they could be obtained, they would alter us to decide many another(prenominal) other questions besides the one alluded to? if wisely used, these improved statistics would tell us more of the relative value of particular operations and modes of treatment than we have any means of obtaining at sacrifice.They would enable us, besides, to ascertain the influence of the hospital upon the general rowing of operations and unsoundnesss passing through its wards and the truth thus ascertained would enable us to save life and suffering, and to improve the treatment and management of the sick . (Florence Nightingale. Ozbolt, J. G. , Saba, V. K. 2008). Nurse Nightingale began nursing informatics by introducing three health sciences into nursing health services research, evidenced-based practice and informatics (Ozbolt, J. G. , Saba, V. K. (2008).She requested that clinical records be analyzed to assess and improve care and outcomes ( Ozbolt, J. G. , Saba, V. K. (2008). She noticed the need for change beforehand there really was a need for change. Her efforts brought about nursing informatics and the nursing profession became more modernized. Nearly 100 age later a woman by the name of Harriet Werley started to encourage the use and growth of informatics in the nursing profession (Murphy, J. 2010). In the late 1950s she was the commencement have to participate in research in a hospital (Ozbolt, J. G. , Saba, V. K. 2008). She was asked to provide consultation for IBM on the possible use of computers in healthcare (Ozbolt, J. G. , Saba, V. K. 2008). Nurse Werley power saw the benefits of computers used to store patient information and to improve patient care (Ozbolt, J. G. , Saba, V. K. 2008). She devised a minimum data exercise to be collected from every patient Ozbolt, J. G. , Saba, V. K. 2008). In the 1970s nursing informatics really began to bloom. The first records of the use of computers in the nursing field started to appear in professional and scholarly belles-lettres (Murphy, J. 2010).Nursing care plans began to focus on reducing the amount of documentation and keeping it as accurate and as detailed as possible (Ozbolt, J. G. , Saba, V. K. 2008). Another system focused on patient scheduling in a rehabilitation setting (Ozbolt, J. G. , Saba, V. K. 2008). Nurses at a California hosptial assisted in developing the first comprehensive hospital information system and helped integrat the system for nursing care planning, documentation, and feedback (Ozbolt, J. G. , Saba, V. K. 2008). They developed the standard care plans that are used throughout the world instantly (Ozbolt, J. G. Saba, V. K. 2008). Another big achievement of this decade was the introduction of the first commercial electronic medical record (Thede, L. 2012). This new-fashioned system was patient-oriented and was implemented throughout the hospital (Thede, L. 2012). Nursing informatics really gained momentum in the 1980s. The first national conference on computer technology and nursing was held (Ozbolt, J. G. , Saba, V. K. 2008). Scholarships and the first educational courses on Nursing Informatics were introduced into the nursing programs at Boston College, University of New York and University of Utah (Ozbolt, J.G. , Saba, V. K. 2008). The growing record of accomplishment allowed nurses to move into managerial roles (Edwards, H. 2011). By the mid 80s, nearly three decades after Nurse Werley pushed for minimum data sets, was the idea finally embraced by nurse professionals (Ozbolt, J. G. , Saba, V. K. 2008). Four specific elements of the minimum data set became a standard for nursing care nursing diagnosis, nursing intervention, nursing outcome and the intensity of the care provided (Ozbolt, J. G. , Saba, V. K. 2008). Beginning in the 1990s a real change was noticed.The technological advances that had been made were astonishing (Ozbolt, J. G. , Saba, V. K. 2008). A new technology called the internet had been introduced allowing for worldwide communication of healthcare information (Ozbolt, J. G. , Saba, V. K. 2008). In 1994 the American Nurses tie beam published the first versions of the Scope of Nursing Informatics Practice and the Standards of Nursing Informatics Practice. In 1995, the American Nurses Credentialing Center started the basic certification in nursing informatics as an area of specialty practice (Ozbolt, J. G. Saba, V. K. 2008). Also in 1994, the American Nurses Association (ANA) published the first definition of nursing informatics Nursing Informatics is the specialty that integrates nursing science, computer science, and information science in identifying, collecting, processing, and managing data and information to support nursing practice, administration, education, research, and the expansion of nursing knowledge. (Murphy, J. 2010). The International Classification of Nursing Practices was initiated by three nurses throughout the world (Ozbolt, J . G. , Saba, V. K. 2008).The 1990s were a big decade for the advancement of nursing informatics. The first journal pertaining to informatics in nursing was initiated and it was online. The Online Journal of Nursing Informatics hit the wires in 1996. This online publication focused, and still focuses on publishing peer-review articles, scientific motifs, review articles, practice-based articles and data bases associate to nursing informatics (McGonigle, D. , Seymour, R. , Englebardt, S. , totallyen, M. , Chang, B. 2001). This journal is currently published with the amazing staff of one (McGonigle, D. , Seymour, R. Englebardt, S. , Allen, M. , Chang, B. 2001). In the 2000s and today nursing has the tools and the terminology, which had taken years of phylogenesis with the collaboration of numerous nursing professionals globally (Ozbolt, J. G. , Saba, V. K. 2008). A standardized language had been developed and nursing terminology and data standards were implemented mainstream (Ozbol t, J. G. , Saba, V. K. 2008). In 2004 nursing informatics had blown up. Education had accelerated and nursing informatics had become a staple in healthcare. Knowledge denudation methods were the key in discovering risks in health.Nurses knew that the discovery of knowledge brings the responsibility of that knowledge and with this information nursing care is the best it has ever been (Murphy, J. 2010). In 2001 the definition of nursing informatics was expanded by the ANA. They expound it as A specialty that integrates nursing science, computer science, and information science to manage and communicate data, information, and knowledge in nursing practice. NI facilitates the integration of data, information, and knowledge to support patients, nurses, and other providers in their decision-making in all roles and settings.This support is accomplished through the use of information structures, information processes, and IT (Murphy, J. 2010). And in 2008, the current definition of nursin g informatics was published. It was essentially the same as the first published definition in 1994, however, now includes the additional concept of wisdom. It reads NI is a specialty that integrates nursing science, computer science, and information science to manage and communicate data, information, knowledge, and wisdom in nursing practice. (Murphy, J. 2010).Additionally, the ANA published three editions of Nursing Informatics Scope and Standards of Practice (ANA. 2008). We as nurses must remember that change is always a difficult thing to embrace. By studying information in an informatics prospective discover how to deliver care and support decisions more effectively and safely, with better outcomes for all constituencies. Informatics tools can support the translation of knowledge into practice, but changing the behavior of people, organizations, and systems requires collaboration across a range of disciplines.Nursing and healthcare will always be ever-changing. Change and coll aborations for implementing change are fundamental in the education of nurses today. Today nurses are able to access new information and resources easier and faster than ever. Nurses are constantly being challenged to amalgamate new resources on a cognitive, psychomotor and executive level. Nurses of the forthcoming can learn technological skills and expand their knowledge and wisdom and can utilize the data.They are encouraging the changes to take place for the nursing practice and healthcare systems by learning, implementing and t all(prenominal)ing. Change and evolution through informatics will only improve healthcare and will save more lives. Nursing informatics has become a well established specialty within the nursing field. Solid fundamentals have been laid out over the past 25 years and NI has become an essential part of healthcare delivery despite the many barriers yet to be overcome. It is influenced by environmental, political, economic and professional forces.The change that nurses are bringing are being influenced by new up-and-coming concepts of health and illness, advancements in the field of medical science, the patterns of diseases, demographics and an increasing ability to meet the needs of disease management and prevention as well as the needs of the patients and their families through the use of technology, knowledge and wisdom. As the specialty of nursing informatics continues to evolve new knowledge and technology will be available making the role of the nurse much more important and powerful and making the care and outcomes of each person served improved.It is how the nurse participates in saving a life one step at a time. References Edwards, H. (2011). Nursing informatics past, present and future. Retrieved from www. theconference. ca/nursing-informatics. Murphy, J. (2010). Nursing informatics the intersection of nursing, computer, and information sciences. Nursing Economics, vol. 28, Iss. 3, 204-7, May/June 2010. Anthony J. Jannetti, Inc. Pitman, USA. Retrieved from http//ezproxy. ccu. edu/login? url=http//search. proquest. com/docview/577364695? accountid=10200. Ozbolt, J. G. , Saba, V. K. (2008). A brief history of nursing informatics in the United States of America.Mosbys Nursing Consult. Vol. 56, Iss. 5, September 2008. American Nurses Association. (2008). Retrieved from http//www. nursingworld. org/Home paginateCategory/NursingInsider/Archive_1/2008NI/Jan08NI/RevisedNursingInformaticsPracticeScopeandStandardsofPractice. html. Thede, L. , (January 23, 2012) Informatics Where Is It? OJIN The Online Journal of Issues in Nursing Vol. 17 No. 1. McGonigle, D. , Seymour, R. , Englebardt, S. , Allen, M. , Chang, B. (March 1, 2001) The Online Journal of Nursing Informatics (OJNI) Online Journal of Issues in Nursing. Vol. 6 No. 2. CIS312A, Healthcare InformaticsStudent egotism-Grading power system for APA Format Instructions Complete and submit this form with your final scholarly paper by the due date listed on th e cod Dates rapscallion. Each item in the category needs to be checked for compliance. NameJackie Bailey Met/Not Met Criteria General Margins, 1 in on all sides intact document is double space M Times New Roman, Font 12 is used for entire document Text alignment left & not justified (there will be an uneven right margin) Paragraphs are indented ? nches Spelling and grammar are correct Paper is 3-5 pages, not including Title page and Reference page Title page M Title information is centered in the upper half of title page (section break not met, Title of paper on first line student name on second line staff name on 3rd line course & course number on 4th couldnt figure out how line date on 5th line to do it) Running head is present Running head ALL CAPITAL TITLE in header, left justified Page number is in upper right hand (in the header box) Title page and first page of body is confused by a section break Body of document Title is centered at the top of the first page of the body of document Headings used, if appropriate (frequently this is very helpful) An introductory/background paragraph begins the paper All paragraphs have at least 2 sentences no paragraphs longer than 2/3 of a page M Paragraphs contain only one topic (except page break) Transition sentence at depot of paragraph provides logical flow to next paragraph All citations are in appropriate format All citations in the body are also listed in the reference page Short quotations ( slight than 40 words or 4 lines) have quotation marks and a page number in the in-text citation Long quotes (>40 words or > 4 lines are typed in free standing block format with all lines at ? butt against left indent of paragraph and without quotation marks quotes are enclosed in quotation marks Body and Reference page are separated by a page break Met/Not Met Criteria Mechanics of Writing Proper use of colons, commas, & semicolons Spacing one space after com mas, semicolons, colons Spacing two spaces at the end of each sentence Abbreviations Use sparingly first time in document name spelled out completely with abbreviations in parenthesis, M abbreviation used after first time Pronouns and possessive nouns are used correctly Parallel structure present Tense is consistent (doesnt go from future, to present, to past tense) Numbers Numbers that begin sentence are spelled out words are generally used to express numbers less than 10 Reference Page The word References is centered and at the top of page Hanging indent is used for all references (not enter and tabbed in) M All references are in the proper format (books, journals, meshwork sites etc. ) All references cited are also in the document All references in the body are also in the reference list References are in alphabetical order CIS 312, Healthcare Informatics Final Scholarly Paper Grading Grid Scholarly Paper Grading Grid Points Possible Points Received C riteria APA & intelligence operation Formatting 45 Paper set up using all principles of APA & Word (15) Title Page (5) Text Body (5) Reference Page (5) All references cited in the body were included in the reference page. No references were included in the reference page that were not cited in the body of the paper. APA Grammar (15) Good principles of sentence structure, language, and writing mechanics were followed. Paper is 3-5 pages not including the Title Page and References Page Self Grading Form 10 Paper was graded, using form.All items on form was accurately marked as met or explanation given Form was submitted with final paper Quality of References 25 At least 6 references were used that came from scholarly journals or quality web sites, as identified in the CINAHL/web search activity Content & Clarity of writing style Content and flow of paper demonstrated good writing principles changes, based on faculty feedback from preliminary outline were included. Introduction to topic was compelling (20) Body included major points (35) Summary helped the reader understand the importance and essence of the topic (15) 70 TOTAL POINTS

Discuss the economic, political and social impacts of international trade in the 21st century

Globalisation has emerged over the past 30 years carry new dimensions to the traditional economic thinking around transnational trade. Discuss the economic, political and social impacts of global trade in the 21st century. Globalisation is the trend towards markets crossing international and regional borders, lessening the differences in customers fatalitys1. The process of globalisation, assisted by the technological revolution in communications and computers, is radically altering the anatomy of world markets, as rise as the nature of chore and everyday life.The economic, political, and social significance of international trade has been essential for the growth of globalisation. The restrictions to international trade would limit the nations to the service and goods produced within its territories, and they would lose egress on the valuable revenue from the global trade. Globalisation has not only changed the way we live it has change efficiency in combine trade and fina nce, modernised technology for consumers and increased wealth. International trade is the re-sentencing of goods and services amongst countries.This type of trade gives rise to a world economy, in which prices, or publish and demand, affect and are affected by global events. Economically it can be extremely complicate especially the fact that all countries whether they like it or not, are related to each other in one way or another. For example, an increase in the price of one commodity such as oil creates a long and complex chain of events which makes analysis of all the causal relationships virtually impossible. The guess of the exchange rates can also be a impact between countries due to the different currencies around the world.During recession, countries suffer local anaesthetic pressure to change laws governing International trade to protect the local industries. The most painful and memorable of such incident is the Great Depression. However, nations with strong intern ational trade get had the power to control the world economy and this has allowed them to reduce poverty. Trade has also allowed countries to increase in shekels and sales which have allowed businesses to expand internationally. Political impacts of international trade are not taken mildly as there may be many impacts which may affect the trade of goods and services between the countries.The risk of non- renewal of import and exports licenses can affect the consumer and supplier, this is because if a license is not renewed jobs bequeath be lost and consumers will be dissapointed as their good or service is no all-night being offered to them. The risk of war is also dangerous as it can leave the country in harm and have a huge impact as businesses will no longer want to provide their goods and services to the country at war. If war is declared between to countries this impacts the economy greatly.Through diversifying cultrally and socially a nation becomes more open and desirabl e to tourists. It allows for major growth and change as well as initiating connection with other countries. Therefore, if more tourists are willing to come to a country it nevertheless increases economic growth. International trade may also impact the way individuals behave towards each other, as new customs from overseas are learned and adapted.According to the Australian Department of Foreign personal business and Trade, the growth in exporting and companies becoming global has created over 250,000 new jobs. Conclusively, international trade in goods, services and finance has been increasing at an exponential rate which is giving consumers a wider choice of products and services to choose from. Globalisation has not only changed the way we live it has improved efficiency in flow trade and finance, modernised technology for consumers and increased wealth. The process of globalisation, assisted by the technological revolution in communications and computers, is radically altering the shape of world markets, as well as the nature of business and everyday life.

Military Rule

Many third world countries sustain been below armed services eclipse from time to time, for bity years. The reasons rear end this are many, and are complicated and interconnected. A armed forces pridefulism conveys established when political power rests with the army. Developing countries are so called because they are still in the work on of development. These areas of development include economy, financial planning and budgeting, setting up of a functional administrative machinery, a working constitution, a functional governance of government, a system of institutions of education, a system of health, so on and so forth.Altogether, developing countries lack a lot of basic tools needed for right functioning of a solid ground. civils in general are disillusioned with life. There is widespread poverty and illiteracy. Flaws in the working of the system ultimately result in major problems for the common man. Neither is the health system strong, nor the education. The gov ernment commonly does not provide for even the basic needs. People generally bewilder epic families, with no timed source of income. Since literacy is low, most concourse have confounded and obscure views, and do not understand the working of the system.People get frustrated, and blame the government for not providing for them. As public support begins to crumble, the administration gets weakened. In developing countries, politics is frequently a monopoly, handled by the rich few. Laws and rules can be bended and kinky as desired. And so this feudal system of government results in economic and social collapse. Crime rank go on increasing, a vast with a host of other illegal activities. In the absence seizure proper jobs, ordinary people turn to illicit ways of obtaining money.These are just some of the main problems. In case of a threat from another country, or a natural disaster, or food shortage, matters get worse. Often governments succumb to ill advised measures. And so g oes on the cycle. armed services rule comes in the absence of a strong government. There are many inter-related factors stooge the prevalence of military rule, especially in third world countries. A weak civilian government can be disbanded easily, without much force. historical examples of military rule include the Greek Sparta 7The ideology behind military rule is one ground on discipline the one thing a developing country lacks. Militarism is generally the belief of the reactionary 7. Under military rule, everything is under strict control of the army, and civilians are subservient to it, whether they like it or not. Civilian rule on the contrary advocates complete freedom, along with organized plans for social and economic development and organic law of diplomatic relations with other countries 7.Militarism can also mean Martial Law 7. When a average judicial system is replaced by military rule, it is called martial law 7. It is used mostly by authoritarian governments 7. Earlier, it was imposed in times of war, or territorial occupation, to deal with trials of prisoners and soldiers 7. It was also used by those countries with expansionist and imperialist policies 7. Today, in developing countries, it is the easiest tool to bring a distraught and a disorganized conjunction under control. Martial law trials are short, and usually severe when compared to normal court trials 7.Many counties have now shifted to another system, in which a country is said to be in a assign of emergency, in place of martial law 7. Martial law also gives the government the liberty of detaining anyone it thinks is a threat to national interest or security, even without adequate proof. Media and press freedom is also under strict control. The few leading the hegemony can make decisions without hindrance, keeping the public and its opinions at bay.Under military rule, a countrys population has no say in any matter whatsoever. Without a parliament, all decisions are directly made by the autocrat and his collaborators, without the approval or disapproval of ministers. conceptualise a little deeper, and it seems as if a country comes to an economic and social standstill if under military rule. This is exactly what most developing countries go through. One coup after another and the country lags behind even in the basic amenities of life.Egypt, for example, has been under martial law on and off from 1952 7. Gamal Abdel Nasser was the electric chair of Egypt from 1956 until his death, in 1970 7. Algeria spent three decades under military rule (1965-1994) 7. Mohammad Al-Gaddafi has been the de facto head of Libya since 1969. Nigeria has also been caught up in a tangle of coups. Adebowale, in his work criticizes the way military coups took to power, squandering money on abounding cars and houses, and turning into multi-billionaires overnight 10.He also goes on to say that Nigerians are mute because they are terror-stricken and know no other state 10. He al so states that Several human rights activists continue to be unjustly detained 10. Countries like Somalia, Sudan, Liberia, Philippines, Thailand, Ghana, Ethiopia, Bangladesh, Indonesia and Gambia have also been under military control often. Maureen Aung-Thwin criticized the undemocratic manner in which politics was run in Burma 9. Uganda spent a decade under the rule of one man Idi Amin 1. As opposed to this, almost no first world country has been under military rule since almost 20 years.Military governments also justify themselves by claiming that it is important for political stability 7. Military regimes tend to portray themselves as neutral and unbiased 7. Though not always, military rule tends to have little respect for human rights, and often use force to silence their political opponents 7.Another reveal factor is the convenience of having a military leadership, as opposed to the effort required for an elected one. domain choice can be satisfactoryly ignored and new laws can be easily imposed. The general public is weak, with little or no voice of its own. With widespread illiteracy, public opinion can be suppressed, bribed, or even forced. The general public in developed countries, on the contrary is much stronger and awake(predicate) of their due rights.Hunger for power and money make the entire system corrupt and fraudulent, with innumerable loopholes. With an authoritative background, anyone can come to power. High posts like those of governors and chief ministers are based on favoritism quite an than open merit. Countries currently under military rule include Thailand, Myanmar, Egypt, Libya, Pakistan and Fiji 7.If loosely stated, the three key factors behind prevalence of military rule in developing countries are the hunger for power and money, a large but weak civilian population, and convenience for the army. With just one man to make decisions, it gets very convenient for military personnel to run the country.In the end, it is the normal civilian population which suffers. In hopes of better prospects, people look forward to young and dynamic leaders, but in reality, the nation continues to live under a rigid and a totalitarian leadership. It is a widely believed notion that civilian rule is always better, long lasting, and makes a country prosperous. With free and fair democratic elections, the people themselves choose their leader, and so, everything falls in place, and the country can look forward to a brighter future.Works CitedPrince Adebowale, Samuel Abiodun, Nigeria The Nation under Siege by advocate Drunk and Ruthless Military Dictatorship, 1997 Aung-Thwin, Maureen, Burma Political Economy Under Military Rule, (edited by Robert H. Taylor), 2001, New York Palgrave (Global create at St. Martins Press), ISBN 0-312-23568-2. Birkhimer, William E, Military Government and Martial Law (third edition, revised), 1914, Kansas City Missouri, Franklin Hudson Publishing Co. Chris, Alli M. The Federal Republic of Nigeria n Army The Siege of a Nation, 2002, Nigeria Malthouse, 9780231277 Fidel, Kenneth, 1975, Militarism in developing countries, Transaction Publishers ISBN 0878555854 Fink, Christina, Living Silence Burma under military rule (politics in contemporary Asia), 2001, Zed Books Ltd. Libya History, (2006, July 14), US Department of States Background Notes, (Nov. 2005). Militarism, wikipedia, retrieved from http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Militarism Olukotun, Ayo, Repressive State and revived Media under Nigerias Military Dictatorship, 1988-98, Nordic Africa Institute, (2004)

Mexican Mafia

The gang I decided to do research on was the Mexican Mafia. The gang originated in the California Department of department of corrections in the late 1950s, and is considered to be one of the oldest and most powerful gangs in the entire United States. battalion members can often be identified by having the number thirteen tattooed on their bodies somewhere or by having something resembling the number. The reason behind using the number thirteen is because it marks the 13th earn of the alphabet, the letter M. The gang is well known for the worst crimes that can be committed while in Prison. Those crimes admit extortion, drug trafficking, and murder.The largest population of this gang seems to reside in California and Texas while the gang is responsible for 10% of San Antonios homicide rate. The Mexican Mafias formation was described in a 2005 trial. The gangs sole purpose is to make money by either means through criminal use. The Constitution basically stated that the Mexican Ma fia is a criminal organization that engages in criminal activity for the benefit of the Mexikanemi. This includes murder, gambling, drug dealing, and pretty much anything imaginable. This gang is very brutal but yet round-eyed when it comes to punishment for gang members, which is almost always death.The members of the Mexican Mafia are often called upon to test their the true to the gang. Usually the test will be one of two options of either theft or murder. The wake for failing to uphold their loyalty by completing this task or any task for the mafia also usually results in death. According the Mexican Mafias Constitution members may be punished or killed if they commit any of four simple infractions. These infractions include becoming an informant, showing any signs of homosexuality, acts of cowardice, or showing disrespect towards any of the gangs members.

Utilization of Marigold Extract as Household Insecticide

UTILIZATION OF MARIGOLD EXTRACT (Tagestes erecta L. ) AND CIGARETTE BUTTS AS HOUSEHOLD INSECTICIDE INTRODUCTION Most sucking louse powders efficacious for household use are inorganic which tend to be harmful to the user and to the environment. Recent statistics coming into court that 75% of households use some form of insecticide, with much of this creation used indoors. They are used to fling off ants and roaches, mosquitoes, flea and tick. By design these products are all intended to be lethal to insects that is People give notice be affected to some degree as all.Thus, this study aimed to develop an alternative household insecticide utilizing the purify from Marigold coiffure (Tagetes erecta L. ) and recycled pansy butts as highly economic, environmentally safe and user friendly insecticide supplying with no cost. Marigold Plant is said to contain an quick ingredient, phototoxin Alpha-terthienyl which functions as a nematicide. It is more effective when it is being exp osed to sunlight since it gene crops its phototoxin which makes an interesting natural insecticide. Statement of the Problem This study aims to investigate the feasibility of Marigold quote as an alternative household insecticide.Specifically the study sought to answer the following questions 1. What are the wide awake chemical components found on Marigold Extract making it ideal as an insecticide alternative? 2. Is in that location a significant difference on the effect of different Marigold Extract densitys on the deathrate rate of the insects? 3. Is the use of Marigold Extract feasible as a household insecticide? Significance of the get a line The character of the environment in which people work, live or play, the health of individuals, the quality of certain goods such as food products can all be affected by insects of different kinds.From time to time, it happens that new kinds of diseases unconstipated appear in our environment which are spread around by insects impor ted from remote areas unitedly with goods. Insecticides can help to address these cases of emergencies. This study aimed to develop an alternative household insecticide utilizing the Extract from Marigold Plant (Tagetes erecta L. ) and recycled cigarette butts as highly economic, environmentally safe and user friendly insecticide preparation with no cost.The result of the study is expected to give information and knowledge to widely addressed the growing aim of ridding these irritating insects out of our sights at the expense of those materials that we could actually found inside our household. OPERATIONAL DEFINITION OF damage Cigarette butts are the residue bottom part of a cigarette containing alkaloid nicotine. Extract obtain something from stock to obtain something from a source, usually by separating it out from other material Insects are a sort outof living creatures that have a troika-part body three pairs of jointed and twoantennae.Just like mosquitoes, cockroaches, ti ck, fleas. Insecticides- Aninsecticideis apesticideused againstinsects. They include ovicides andlarvicidesused against theeggsandlarvaeof insects respectively. Marigold is an erect, smooth, branched, rank-smelling herb, o. 3 to 0. 8 meters high. Leaves are 4 to 7 cm long, deeply pinnatifid with linear-lanceolate segments. REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE Marigold (Tagetes erecta L. ) is an erect, smooth, branched, rank-smelling herb, o. 3 to 0. 8 meters high. Leaves are 4 to 7 cm long, deeply pinnatifid with linear-lanceolate segments.Heads are solitary, 1. 5 to 2 cm in diameter, borne on long peduncles, which are thickened upward. Flowers are pale to deep discolour, sometimes red. Flowers yield a yellow crystalline substance, quercetagetine. The dye was found several(prenominal) shades browner than quercetin. (http//www. primaryinfo. com/industry/tagetes-oil. htm) Marigold Plant is said to contain an active ingredient, phototoxin Alpha-terthienyl which functions as a nematicide. It is more effective when it is being exposed to sunlight since it generates its phototoxin which makes an interesting natural insecticide.Study of roots, leaves and flowers yielded thiophenes, steroidal and terpenoidal type constituents. And these secretions coming from the extracted part provides an insecticidal effect on the soil, against nematodes and keeled slugs and insects. (http//www. homeremedycentral. com) While marigolds (Tagetes species) are typically grown for ornamental purposes as bedding plants, studies have found that they can be highly harmful to plant-parasitic nematodes and are capable of suppressing a wide range (up to 14 genera) of nematode pests. Marigold plants produce a make sense of potentially bioactive compounds, among which ? therthienyl is recognized as one of the most toxic. This sulfur-containing compound is abundant in marigold tissues, including roots. It has nematicidal, insecticidal, fungicidal, antiviral, and cytotoxic activities, and it is believ ed to be the main compound responsible for the nematicidal activity of marigold. (Topp, E. , S. Miller, H. Bork, and M. Welsh. 1998. ) The control of insect populationsis the reason for the use of insecticides. The suffix -cide refers to killing. The call may refer to sprays that are chemical, homemade, or organic.The more powerful insecticides have the capability of almost solely eliminating an insect population from a specified area. The less powerful may require several appliations before the desired effects become obvious. (http//wiki. answers. com) METHODOLOGY Inventions have evolved and continue to evolve such that after several years of study, research and experimentation reach great developments. With continuing efforts to investigate the constituents of Philippine plants, we have pursued investigation of the feasibility of Marigold Extract as an ideal component for a household insecticide.Marigold plant part (Flowers and leaves) were ga on that pointd, ground and squee zed and extracted. Extracting the Plant and Cigarette Butts 1. Gatherand collect 3 partitions of (75 grams, 50 grams and 25 grams) of Marigold Plants and leaves. 2. Wash the split and pound separately with the use of mortar and pestle. 3. Placed the pounded parts into a cheesecloth to squeezed the extract. 4. Gather three, 25 grams of cigarette butts. Remove the cigarette wrappers to expose the tobacco. 5. Pound the tobacco to fine powder using mortar and pestle. 6. Passed the fine-grained tobacco through a mesh sieve.Preparing the Insecticide Concentrations For Set-up 1 1. Combined the 75 grams extracted Marigold Plant with 25 grams pounded tobacco from cigarette butts. 2. Add 100 ml of water and 1. 5 grams of detergent powder as surface active agent. 3. Filter the mixture with a cheesecloth. 4. Label the product and let it stay for 2 hours before using. For Set-up 2 1. Combined 50 grams of extracted Marigold Plant with 25 gram pounded cigarette butts. 2. Do the aforesaid(prenom inal)(p) procedure with that of Set-up 1. For Set-up 3 1. Combined 25 grams of Extracted Marigold Plant with 25 gram pounded cigarette butts. . Do the same procedure with that of the 2 Set-ups. 3. Label the product and ready for use as an insecticide spray. Statistical Tools utilize After the data were all gathered, it was tabulated and interpreted using the following statistical tools. A. Percentage is used in ranking the death rate rate of each sample insects using the different set-ups. X where x= mortality rate % = n (100) n = total tour of observation B. Mean is used to determine whether there exists significant relationship among the variables. fo where fo = total number of observed samples x= n n = no. of set-ups RESULTS AND DISCUSSION This chapter presents the results, analyzes and interprets the findings in accordance with the specific problems of the study. The main concern of the study is to determine the feasibility of Marigold Extract as an active component for hous ehold insecticide. Table 1. Effect of Marigold Concentrations on the Mortality of Insects Set-ups zero(prenominal) of Mosquitoes Percentage (%) No. of Cockroaches Percentage (%) . 10 100 10 100 Set-up 1 Set-up 2 8 80 7 70 Set-up 3 8 80 6 60 Total 26 87% 23 77% Mean 8. 7 7. 66 Based on the table above, results showed that Set-up 1 got the highest mortality rate in both Mosquito and Cockroaches Sample. Out of 10 Mosquitoes and Cockroaches, Set-up 1 got a 100% mortality rate. It was then followed by the concentration of Set-up 2 with 80% mortality rate for mosquito samples and 70% for cockroaches. Lastly Set-up 3 got 80% mortality rate for mosquito sample and 60% for cockroaches sample respectively. Table 2.The oftenness of Spray Concentration on Mortality of Insects Set-ups Frequency of Spray Mosquito Cockroach Set-up 1 6 10 Set-up 2 9 12 Set-up 3 12 15 Mean 9 12. 33 Table 2 shows the Frequency of Spray for each Set-up concentrations towards mortality of insect samples. Set-up 1 got the least number of sprays required for the insect to tout ensemble rid. Followed by Set-up 2 and Set-up 3 respectively. The three Set-ups got a Mean of 9 sprays for Mosquito samples and 12 sprays for Cockroach samples. FINDINGS, result AND RECOMMENDATIONSThis chapter presents the summary of the findings of the study regarding the feasibility of Marigold Extract and Cigarette butts as Household Insecticide. Conclusions drawn from the results gathered as well as the possible recommendation of researchers are presented in this chapter. Summary of Findings Results of the study revealed the following findings 1. Among the three set-ups being introduced, Set-up 1 (75 g Marigold Extract Concentration) got the highest mortality rate among insect samples. Out of 10 insect samples, Set-up 1 got 100% mortality rate. 2. Among the three set-ups, Set-up 1 (w/ 75 g Marigold Extract) got the least number of relative frequency needed in spraying the insects to totally rid them. Conclusions Based from the summary of findings, the following conclusions were drawn 1.The great is the concentration of Marigold Extract, the greater also is the mortality rate of the insect samples. 2. The greater is the concentration of Marigold Extract, the least number of spray is needed to totally rid those insect samples. 3. There is a significant difference amongst the concentration of Marigold extract and its effect towards the Mortality rate of insects. 4. Marigold Extract can be utilized as an active component for an alternative household insecticide. Although its shelf life is short. The formulations lasted five days before molds were observed. Recommendations 1. time to come studies will be conducted to enhance or lengthen the utilization period (expiry period) of the insecticide. 2.Another active ingredients can be added to the mixture to enhance its feasibility as household insecticide. 3. Essential Oils can be added to debar the stingy-irritating odor of ins ecticide. BIBLIOGRAPHY Leopold, A. Carl. (1994). Plant Growth and Development Pest Control. USAMcGraw Hill Inc. pp 327-336. Topp, E. , S. Miller, H. Bork, and M. Welsh. (1998. ) Botany Wonders of Marigold. New York harpist and Row, Publishing Inc. pp. 301 315. Miller, H. Bork, and M. Welsh. 1998. Effects of marigold (Tagetes sp. ) roots on soil Microorganisms. Biology and Fertility of Soils 27 149154 http//www. primaryinfo. com/industry/tagetes-oil. htm http//www. homeremedycentral. com http//wiki. answers. com