Biography of Dmitri Mendeleev, Periodic Table Inventor

Dmitri Mendeleev  (February 8, 1834–February 2, 1907) was a Russian scientist best known for devising the modern periodic table of elements. Mendeleev also made major contributions to other areas of chemistry, metrology (the study of measurements), agriculture, and industry. Fast Facts: Dmitri Mendeleev Known For: Creating the Periodic Law and Periodic Table of the ElementsBorn: February 8, 1834 in Verkhnie Aremzyani,  Tobolsk Governorate,  Russian EmpireParents: Ivan Pavlovich Mendeleev, Maria Dmitrievna KornilievaDied: February 2, 1907 in Saint Petersburg, Russian EmpireEducation: Saint Petersburg UniversityPublished Works:  Principles of ChemistryAwards and Honors:  Davy Medal, ForMemRS  Spouse(s): Feozva Nikitichna Leshcheva, Anna Ivanovna PopovaChildren: Lyubov, Vladimir, Olga, Anna, IvanNotable Quote: I saw in a dream a table where all elements fell into place as required. Awakening, I immediately wrote it down on a piece of paper, only in one place did a correction later seem necessary. Early Life Mendeleev was born on February 8, 1834, in Tobolsk, a town in Siberia, Russia. He was the youngest of a large Russian Orthodox Christian family. The exact size of the family is a matter of dispute, with sources putting the number of siblings between 11 and 17. His father was Ivan Pavlovich Mendeleev, a glass manufacturer, and his mother was Dmitrievna Kornilieva. In the same year that Dmitri was born, his father went blind. He died in 1847. His mother took on the management of the glass factory, but it burned down just a year later. To provide her son with an education, Dmitris mother brought him to St. Petersburg and enrolled him in the Main Pedagogical Institute. Soon after, Dmitris mother died. Education Dmitri graduated from the Institute in 1855 and then went on to earn a masters degree in education. He received a fellowship from the government to continue his studies and moved to the University of Heidelberg in Germany. There, he decided not to work with Bunsen and Erlenmeyer, two distinguished chemists, and instead set up his own laboratory at home. He attended the International Chemistry Congress and met many of Europes top chemists. In 1861, Dmitri went back to St. Petersburg to earn his P.hd. He then became a chemistry professor at the University of St. Petersburg. He continued to teach there until 1890. The  Periodic Table of the Elements Dmitri found it hard to find a good chemistry textbook for his classes, so he wrote his own. While writing his textbook, Principles of Chemistry, Mendeleev found that if you arrange the elements in order of increasing atomic mass, their chemical properties demonstrated definite trends.  He called this discovery the Periodic Law, and stated it in this way: When the elements are arranged in order of increasing atomic mass, certain sets of properties recur periodically. Drawing on his understanding of element characteristics, Mendeleev arranged the known elements in an eight-column grid. Each column represented a set of elements with similar qualities. He called the grid the periodic  table of the elements. He presented his grid and his periodic law to the Russian Chemical Society in 1869. The only real difference between his table and the one we use today is that Mendeleevs table ordered elements by increasing atomic weight, while the present table is ordered by increasing atomic number. Mendeleevs table had blank spaces where he predicted three unknown elements, which turned out to be germanium, gallium, and scandium. Based on the periodic properties of the elements, as shown in the table, Mendeleev predicted properties of eight elements in total, which had not even been discovered. Writing and Industry While Mendeleev is remembered for his work in chemistry and the formation of the Russian Chemical Society, he had many other interests. He wrote more than 400 books and articles on topics in popular science and technology. He wrote for ordinary people, and helped create a library of industrial knowledge. He worked for the Russian government and became the director of the Central Bureau of Weights and Measures. He became very interested in the study of measures and did a great deal of research on the subject. Later, he published a journal. In addition to his interests in chemistry and technology, Mendeleev was interested in helping to develop Russian agriculture and industry. He traveled around the world to learn about the petroleum industry and helped Russia to develop its oil wells. He also worked to develop the Russian coal industry. Marriage and Children Mendeleev was married twice. He wed Feozva Nikitchna Leshcheva in 1862, but the couple divorced after 19 years. He married Anna Ivanova Popova the year after the divorce, in 1882. He had a total of six children from these marriages. Death In 1907 at age 72, Mendeleev died from the flu. He was living in St. Petersburg at the time. His last words, spoken to his doctor, reportedly were, Doctor, you have science, I have faith. This may have been a quote from the famous French writer Jules Verne. Legacy Mendeleev, despite his achievements, never won a Nobel Prize in Chemistry. In fact, he was passed over for the honor twice. He was, however, awarded the prestigious Davy Medal (1882) and ForMemRS (1892). The Periodic Table did not gain acceptance among chemists until Mendeleevs predictions for new elements were shown to be correct. After gallium was discovered in 1879 and germanium in 1886, it was clear that the table was extremely accurate. By the time of Mendeleevs death, the Periodic Table of Elements was internationally recognized as one of the most important tools ever created for the study of chemistry. Sources Bensaude-Vincent, Bernadette. â€Å"Dmitri Mendeleev.†Ã‚  Encyclopà ¦dia Britannica, Inc., 25 Feb. 2019.Gordon. â€Å"Mendeleev - the Man and His Legacy...†Ã‚  Education in Chemistry, 1 Mar. 2007.Libretexts. â€Å"The Periodic Law.†Ã‚  Chemistry LibreTexts, Libretexts, 24 Apr. 2019.

The Hart V Devlin Debate - 1626 Words

This essay will seek to examine the contention that should the Government introduce a minimum price for alcohol and other measures, such as restricting multi-buy offers in shops and off-licences and promotions in bars, in an effort to reduce the nation’s consumption of alcohol, in particular binge drinking? Of particular interest in this area is the fascinating debate between H.L.A. Hart and Sir Patrick Devlin sparked by the publication of the Wolfenden Report on Homosexual Offences and Prostitution. Their analysis of the desirability of regulating morality is a vital addition to any consideration of this question and will form a large part of my enquiry. The renowned and much analysed Hart v Devlin debate on the legal enforcement of†¦show more content†¦This is a misunderstanding of democracy which still menaces individual liberty.† Hart argues that the theories put forward by Devlin are unsustainable. Devlin is mistaken because he gave no evidence that enforcing morality is required to preserve a society. Hart does not argue that members of civil society should not follow moral standards but he believes this can be best achieved by discussion, advice and debates rather than law. Using the law as weapon to secure moral standards through fear of punishment symbolises the condemnation and social insult of departing from moral values. â€Å"Hart’s theory of law does not give a central role to sanctions.†The price of seeking to impose moral value by legal sanction in terms of punishment in turn results to loss of freedom. Furthermore, in his (classically liberal) view there is a distinction to be drawn, the offence caused by immoral acts taking place in public and being witnessed by others, and that caused by the knowledge that immoral conduct takes place in private. This is identifiable as a direct descendant of Mills harm principle; that harm to others can and should be regulated, but that the law should not intervene to regulate the private acts of individuals which harm only themselves. However, the keyShow MoreRelatedLaws Influence on Morals1738 Words   |  7 Pagesthe two sometimes overlap. Sometimes both the law and morality reflect the social norms and guide people on how they should behave. For example Lord Devlin said that the law should intervene when society will tolerate certain behaviors. We can see this happening in real life, when something, which was immoral, also became illegal. In the case of R v R (1991) the defendant was charged with the attempted rape of his wife. At the time of the offence the couple had separated but they did not completeRead MoreShould Laws Protect Individual Liberty or Benefit Civil Society1716 Words   |  7 Pages‘common-good’ values, as embraced by Devlin . This might flow from criticism against the liberalizing values of the Wolfenden report. Cases like Shaw v DPP and Knuller v DPP made use of the offence of conspiracy to corrupt public morals (previously not been applied since the 19th century) and becko ned that the law would conceive to uphold society’s ‘moral values’ consistent with Devlin’s school of thought. This approach has continious, as the recent case of R v Brown (1994) illustrates. The defendantsRead MoreThe Natural Law Theory And Legal Positivism1698 Words   |  7 Pagesthat morality and law A significant debate on this topic was stimulated by Wolfenden Report 1957 in England which led to the famous debate between H.L.A Hart and Lord Devlin . The report is about the recommendation of legalising homosexuality and prostitution as law should not intervene within everyone’s private lives. This view was supported by Hart as he believed that the law should not enforce moral codes and everyone should have the right to privacy. 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Twitter Free Essays

What are you up to? – Twitter, of course Twitter is a great social medium. There are more people than you could imagine, tweeting at this very moment. It is a phenomenon which by the looks of I will remain popular for decades. We will write a custom essay sample on Twitter or any similar topic only for you Order Now In the following article, I will emphasize some of the advantages and disadvantages of using it for business, political and social purposes. The â€Å"hunch† Back to where it all started, a CEO of a company called ODE, hired an engineer named Jack. His name was Even Williams, and he presented the idea of people being able to send simple status updates to friends or however might find you interesting. He had found his main project, and in 2006 twitter was live. Even felt that the potential of Twitter was there, so he decided to pursue his hunch. The concept of Twitter is very simple. You fill out a status update containing 140 characters or less about what you are up to. In less than a second after, the update is readable for everyone who is following you. The core of Twitter is to allow people to share moments of these lives, no matter the time and place. The purpose is similar to Passbooks, to let people feel connected and closer to each other. The users Users all around the globe helped building Twitter towards what it is today. As an example, the users started making references using â€Å"tags†. So if, hypothetically, I made an update about me hanging out with my teacher Jonas Rasmussen at the school, it would look like this â€Å"Oliver is chilling with his teacher @Assessments at @Whistler?d†. The tags were invented by the users, twitter Just made it a part of the site and easier to use. This shows that feedback from the community is something that twitter considers, and lets users help shape the medium. Using Twitter for business purposes img class=" wp-image-34556 aligncenter" src="https://donemyessay.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/07/twitter-yveliciht-polzovateley-300x165.png" alt="Twitter" width="424" height="233" / There sis a lot of companies that uses twitter to keep track of what people tend to think or say about them. Whenever a user tags the company or place, a scanning tool allows them to instantly identify the status. For some users, this is very concerning. They are afraid that they cannot tweet freely, without companies spying on them. Often companies actually uses this tool to help people help themselves. To pull out an example, the game companies such as Valve, Riot Games and Blizzard frequently use Twitter to obtain valuable feedback from customers to improve their services or reduces. All this seems incredibly smart, but there are some disadvantages regarding the use of Twitter. Some people are actually addicted to Twitter, as some people are to Backbone. It leaves you easily distracted in your everyday life, and it interrupts you doing important things. People tend to Just disable your tweets if you distract them, and that causes your overall Twitter audience to decrease. Some will actually consider people as â€Å"spammed†, if you don’t find the balance of being friendly, posting your online marketing. A common disadvantage for the users could which leaves you with a very limited audience to share you tweets with. Using twitter for social purposes Along with Backbone, Twitter is one of the most powerful social websites to date and serves a lot of purposes. The social aspect is obviously the key to make people entertained by Twitter. You visit the site to feel connected in a fun way. It is awesome to keep track of what you’re friends are doing all the time. A bad thing about this is that now you know everything, and it ruins the content of the conversation you will have, when you actually meet. This online relationship could actually replace the real fife relationship to some extent. The growth of the media could potentially affect the kids, who obviously needs the social competence to develop in a proper way. Sliver lilt s?get†¦ Using Twitter for political purposes The substantial growth of Twitter is really reflected, when 47 Congress members sis live as well. Barack Obama, the most powerful man on earth, is very active on a lot of media. They use Twitter to get intimated with their fans and followers to stress their humanity to some extent. By sharing their everyday battles and struggles, it helps people relate to the given person. As a downside of politicians on Twitter, it would be crucial for them to tweet something that could damage their reputation or political career. Sharing family info, economy, beliefs or interest must be done with caution. Backbone Twitter The biggest difference between Backbone and Twitter is that Twitter does not allow people to like or comment – only being able to read and enjoy. On Backbone, it is required for people to accept you as friend, to let them receive your updates. On twitter, you simply Just have to follow the given person without permission. Twitter is considered as being a freer site to some extent, compared to Backbone. Backbone has been left with a huge amount of struggles towards privacy issues and sharing personal information. On the other hand, Backbone is way more personal and allows you to get much more intimate to another person. O/PR Both websites cover the same needs; to connect people, no matter where in the world they are. As a sum up, the power of the social media should be emphasized. They can be used for a lot of purposes, some are right and some are wrong. And Freest?r effectuates†¦ (936 words) How to cite Twitter, Papers